1Then Moses and the children of Israel sang this song to Yahweh, and said,
“I will sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphed gloriously.
He has thrown the horse and his rider into the sea.
2Yah is my strength and song.
He has become my salvation.
This is my God, and I will praise him;
my father’s God, and I will exalt him.
3Yahweh is a man of war.
Yahweh is his name.
4He has cast Pharaoh’s chariots and his army into the sea.
His chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.
5The deeps cover them.
They went down into the depths like a stone.
6Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power.
Your right hand, Yahweh, dashes the enemy in pieces.
7In the greatness of your excellency, you overthrow those who rise up against you.
You send out your wrath. It consumes them as stubble.
8With the blast of your nostrils, the waters were piled up.
The floods stood upright as a heap.
The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.
9The enemy said, ‘I will pursue. I will overtake. I will divide the plunder.
My desire will be satisfied on them.
I will draw my sword. My hand will destroy them.’
10You blew with your wind.
The sea covered them.
They sank like lead in the mighty waters.
11Who is like you, Yahweh, among the gods?
Who is like you, glorious in holiness,
fearful in praises, doing wonders?
12You stretched out your right hand.
The earth swallowed them.
13“You, in your loving kindness, have led the people that you have redeemed.
You have guided them in your strength to your holy habitation.
14The peoples have heard.
They tremble.
Pangs have taken hold of the inhabitants of Philistia.
15Then the chiefs of Edom were dismayed.
Trembling takes hold of the mighty men of Moab.
All the inhabitants of Canaan have melted away.
16Terror and dread falls on them.
By the greatness of your arm they are as still as a stone,
until your people pass over, Yahweh,
until the people you have purchased pass over.
17You will bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of your inheritance,
the place, Yahweh, which you have made for yourself to dwell in:
the sanctuary, Lord, which your hands have established.
18Yahweh will reign forever and ever.”
19For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and Yahweh brought back the waters of the sea on them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the middle of the sea. 20Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a tambourine in her hand; and all the women went out after her with tambourines and with dances. 21Miriam answered them,
“Sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphed gloriously.
He has thrown the horse and his rider into the sea.”
22Moses led Israel onward from the Red Sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water. 23When they came to Marah, they couldn’t drink from the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. Therefore its name was called Marah. 24The people murmured against Moses, saying, “What shall we drink?” 25Then he cried to Yahweh. Yahweh showed him a tree, and he threw it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. There he made a statute and an ordinance for them, and there he tested them. 26He said, “If you will diligently listen to Yahweh your God’s voice, and will do that which is right in his eyes, and will pay attention to his commandments, and keep all his statutes, I will put none of the diseases on you which I have put on the Egyptians; for I am Yahweh who heals you.”
27They came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees. They encamped there by the waters.
The Holy Spirit is eternally God and the third person of the Trinity. As such, He is fully divine with all of the nature, attributes and perfections of God. The Spirit of God is the one through whom God empowers His people, reveals His will, has revealed His Word, and imparts His personal presence among His people. He regenerates believers and works to glorify Jesus Christ.
In the Old Testament, the Hebrew word רוּחַ ruach (wind, breath, spirit) is used to refer to the Spirit of God, as well as to the spirit of a person, the wind, or the breath of people or animals. The Holy Spirit often appears as a wind, such as in the division of the Red Sea for the Israelite people to pass through (Exod. 14:21; see also Gen. 1:2, 8:1; Ps. 104:3). Also in the Old Testament, the Spirit of God empowers or gifts individuals temporarily for specific roles or ministries, including Bezalel and Oholiab for the construction of the Tabernacle (Exod. 31:3), the strengthening of Israel’s heroes (Judges 14:6), and the inspiration of the prophetic words (Zech. 4:6). His continued indwelling and empowering of people was contingent upon their faithfulness to walk with Him (1 Sam. 16:14, Ps. 51:11).