1It is doubtless not profitable for me to boast, but I will come to visions and revelations of the Lord. 2I know a man in Christ who was caught up into the third heaven fourteen years ago—whether in the body, I don’t know, or whether out of the body, I don’t know; God knows. 3I know such a man (whether in the body, or outside of the body, I don’t know; God knows), 4how he was caught up into Paradise and heard unspeakable words, which it is not lawful for a man to utter. 5On behalf of such a one I will boast, but on my own behalf I will not boast, except in my weaknesses. 6For if I would desire to boast, I will not be foolish; for I will speak the truth. But I refrain, so that no man may think more of me than that which he sees in me or hears from me. 7By reason of the exceeding greatness of the revelations, that I should not be exalted excessively, a thorn in the flesh was given to me: a messenger of Satan to torment me, that I should not be exalted excessively. 8Concerning this thing, I begged the Lord three times that it might depart from me. 9He has said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” Most gladly therefore I will rather glory in my weaknesses, that the power of Christ may rest on me.
10Therefore I take pleasure in weaknesses, in injuries, in necessities, in persecutions, and in distresses, for Christ’s sake. For when I am weak, then am I strong. 11I have become foolish in boasting. You compelled me, for I ought to have been commended by you, for I am in no way inferior to the very best apostles, though I am nothing. 12Truly the signs of an apostle were worked among you in all perseverance, in signs and wonders and mighty works. 13For what is there in which you were made inferior to the rest of the assemblies, unless it is that I myself was not a burden to you? Forgive me this wrong!
14Behold, this is the third time I am ready to come to you, and I will not be a burden to you; for I seek not your possessions, but you. For the children ought not to save up for the parents, but the parents for the children. 15I will most gladly spend and be spent for your souls. If I love you more abundantly, am I loved the less? 16Even so, I myself didn’t burden you. But you might say that being crafty, I caught you with deception. 17Did I take advantage of you by anyone of those whom I have sent to you? 18I exhorted Titus, and I sent the brother with him. Did Titus take any advantage of you? Didn’t we walk in the same spirit? Didn’t we walk in the same steps?
19Again, do you think that we are excusing ourselves to you? In the sight of God we speak in Christ. But all things, beloved, are for your edifying. 20For I am afraid that perhaps when I come, I might find you not the way I want to, and that I might be found by you as you don’t desire, that perhaps there would be strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, factions, slander, whisperings, proud thoughts, or riots, 21that again when I come my God would humble me before you, and I would mourn for many of those who have sinned before now, and not repented of the uncleanness, sexual immorality, and lustfulness which they committed.
In this remarkable verse Paul defends his apostolic authority. His disappointment with the church at Corinth is such that the apostle sometimes resorts to irony and sarcasm. In the present context Paul has been “forced” to share his remarkable experience of visiting heaven—whether in or out of the body he is not sure (12:1–7a). That the experience of heavenly ascent provides grounds for boasting is now attested in scroll fragment from Qumran, where a man boasts: “I am reckoned with the angels and my abode is in the holy congregation. . . . Who is comparable to me in my glory? . . . Who then shall assault me when [I] ope[n my mouth?] Who can endure the utterance of my lips?” (4Q491c frag. 11). Paul has no wish to boast, but the immaturity of the Corinthians, who were easily swayed by eloquent preachers (among whom we should probably include Apollos), has forced his hand. He chastises the Corinthians, telling them that he “ought to have been commended” by them and that he is “not at all inferior to these superlative apostles (RSV).” Paul was certainly not inferior to them, for he had seen the risen Jesus (Acts 9:1–9) and had on more than one occasion received a vision. Moreover, a number of mighty deeds were worked through him. Whether he wants to or not, the apostle must defend his authority, lest the gospel he proclaims be distorted or set aside for a newer, more “impressive” version.