1Solomon the son of David was firmly established in his kingdom, and Yahweh his God was with him, and made him exceedingly great.
2Solomon spoke to all Israel, to the captains of thousands and of hundreds, to the judges, and to every prince in all Israel, the heads of the fathers’ households. 3Then Solomon, and all the assembly with him, went to the high place that was at Gibeon; for God’s Tent of Meeting was there, which Yahweh’s servant Moses had made in the wilderness. 4But David had brought God’s ark up from Kiriath Jearim to the place that David had prepared for it; for he had pitched a tent for it at Jerusalem. 5Moreover the bronze altar that Bezalel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, had made was there before Yahweh’s tabernacle; and Solomon and the assembly were seeking counsel there. 6Solomon went up there to the bronze altar before Yahweh, which was at the Tent of Meeting, and offered one thousand burnt offerings on it.
7That night, God appeared to Solomon and said to him, “Ask for what you want me to give you.”
8Solomon said to God, “You have shown great loving kindness to David my father, and have made me king in his place. 9Now, Yahweh God, let your promise to David my father be established; for you have made me king over a people like the dust of the earth in multitude. 10Now give me wisdom and knowledge, that I may go out and come in before this people; for who can judge this great people of yours?”
11God said to Solomon, “Because this was in your heart, and you have not asked riches, wealth, honor, or the life of those who hate you, nor yet have you asked for long life; but have asked for wisdom and knowledge for yourself, that you may judge my people, over whom I have made you king, 12therefore wisdom and knowledge is granted to you. I will give you riches, wealth, and honor, such as none of the kings have had who have been before you, and none after you will have.”
13So Solomon came from the high place that was at Gibeon, from before the Tent of Meeting, to Jerusalem; and he reigned over Israel.
14Solomon gathered chariots and horsemen. He had one thousand four hundred chariots and twelve thousand horsemen that he placed in the chariot cities, and with the king at Jerusalem. 15The king made silver and gold to be as common as stones in Jerusalem, and he made cedars to be as common as the sycamore trees that are in the lowland. 16The horses which Solomon had were brought out of Egypt and from Kue. The king’s merchants purchased them from Kue. 17They imported from Egypt then exported a chariot for six hundred pieces of silver and a horse for one hundred fifty. They also exported them to the Hittite kings and the Syrian kings.
For many years after the Enlightenment, it was common for skeptics of the history of the Bible cast doubt on many historical persons, events, and groups of people, viewing them as little more than the characters in a book like Lord of the Rings. Was there really an Abraham? Did Sodom actually exist?
One such doubt relates to the existence of the Hittites, mentioned nearly fifty times in the Bible. The Hittites are portrayed as a great people, similar to the Babylonians, with their domain extending over large portions of the land of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) and the Middle East. Scholars who doubt biblical history declared that there was no evidence for the Hittite nation, for if such were true, they would know about it.
In the last few years of the nineteenth century, archaeologists came upon the city of Hattusa in north-central Turkey and found thousands of cuneiform tablets and a civilization that extended over much of Turkey and into the Middle East. Finally, archaeology caught up with the Bible. This kingdom held sway from the middle of the 17th century through the 12th century, with its greatest influence during the 14th century. It finally began to succumb due to the rise of the Assyrian kingdom, though portions of the subsequent sub-kingdoms held influence even in the time of the New Testament.
I have found my time at Hattusa to be one of the most interesting of my various tours in Turkey. It is high in elevation and one ascends to the top of the site, the air is crisp and the view is spectacular. I can understand why the early Hittites wanted to establish Hattusa as their capital city. The city below hosts ruins of temples and houses, and the palace was at the top. Near the city is the site religious site called Yazilikaya, where one founds the famous twelve gods of the Hittites carved into the walls of the shrine.
Through our study of the Hittites we have discovered how even the form of the covenants written by Moses had an impact on the structure and content of his writing of Exodus through Deuteronomy, and also show the integrity of these books in contrast to modern liberal biblical criticism.